Some Results on the Optimal Matching Problem for the Jacobi Model

Potential Analysis - We establish some exact asymptotic results for a matching problem with respect to a family of beta distributions. Let X1,…,Xn be independent random variables with common...     

A Stochastic Subgradient Method for Distributionally Robust Non-convex and Non-smooth Learning

Journal of Optimization Theory and Applications - We consider a distributionally robust formulation of stochastic optimization problems arising in statistical learning, where robustness is with...     

Excellent UV-absorbing cotton fabric with high durability and hydrophobicity based on surface-initiated ATRP of polymerizable organic UV-absorber

Cellulose - Ultraviolet (UV) protective cotton fabric is a convenient and reliable way to protect human body from sunlight. Herein, a polymerizable UV-absorber,...     

Interfacial instability of ferrofluid flow under the influence of a vacuum magnetic field

This study is to numerically test the interfacial instability of ferrofluid flow under the presence of a vacuum magnetic field. The ferrofluid parabolized stability equations(PSEs) are derived from the ferrofluid stability equations and the Rosensweig equations, and the characteristic values of the ferrofluid PSEs are given to describe the ellipticity of ferrofluid flow. Three numerical models representing specific cases considering with/without a vacuum magnetic field or viscosity are created to mathematically examine the interfacial instability by the computation of characteristic values. Numerical investigation shows strong dependence of the basic characteristic of ferrofluid Rayleigh-Taylor instability(RTI) on viscosity of ferrofluid and independence of the vacuum magnetic field.For the shock wave striking helium bubble, the magnetic field is not able to trigger the symmetry breaking of bubble but change the speed of the bubble movement. In the process of droplet formation from a submerged orifice, the collision between the droplet and the liquid surface causes symmetry breaking. Both the viscosity and the magnetic field exacerbate symmetry breaking. The computational results agree with the published experimental results.     

Photoelectrochemical Cytosensors

Photoelectrochemical (PEC) cytosensors, a combination of the PEC process and the living-cell assay, have emerged as a powerful tool in the analytical and biological science. This mini review provides a brief introduction of this arena and summaries the key steps about the development of PEC cytosensors with representative examples, followed by future prospects based on our own opinions.     

硅和锗纳米线的原子排布和电荷分布的密度泛函紧束缚方法研究

低维硅锗材料是制备纳米电子器件的重要候选材料，是研发高效率、低能耗和超高速新一代纳米电子器件的基础材料之一，有着潜在的应用价值。采用密度泛函紧束缚方法分别对厚度相同、宽度在0.272 nm~0.554 nm之间的硅纳米线和宽度在0.283 nm~0.567 nm之间的锗纳米线的原子排布和电荷分布进行了计算研究。硅、锗纳米线宽度的改变使原子排布，纳米线的原子间键长和键角发生明显改变。纳米线表层结构的改变对各层内的电荷分布产生重要影响。纳米线中各原子的电荷转移量与该原子在表层内的位置相关。纳米线的尺寸和表层内原子排列结构对体系的稳定性产生重要影响。     

Topical application of zein-silk sericin nanoparticles loaded with curcumin for improved therapy of dermatitis

Atopic dermatitis is characterized by leukocyte migration into the skin dermis and typically driven by excessive chemokine production at the site of inflammation. Conventional topical formulations such as gels, creams, and ointments are insufficient for this treatment because of low penetration of drug molecules into the targeted skin tissues. Herein, using a simple, green, sustainable strategy, we have developed novel primary zein nanoparticles embedded in curcumin (Cur) and coated with silk sericin (ZHSCs) for the topical delivery of Cur to penetrate into the dermis and exercise anti-dermatitis effects on the lesion with minimal side-effects. Transdermal delivery experiments and porcine skin fluorescence imaging indicated that ZHSCs facilitate the penetration of Cur across the epidermis layer of skin to reach deep-seated sites. Notably, ZHSCs = 1:0.25 (zein-to-silk sericin mass ratios of 1:0.25) markedly elevated the skin permeability and cumulative turnover of Cur transferred, which were provided a greater than a 3.8-fold increase relative to free Cur. The special nanoparticles of ZHS = 1:0.25 possessed the deepest localization depth and experience a transition of the particle structure and core-shell separation after penetrating into the dermis of skin. In a cell model of dermatitis induced by tumor necrosis factor α/interferon γ co-stimulation, compared with free Cur, Cur-loaded ZHS nanoparticles down-regulated the generation of inflammatory cytokines and chemokines in keratinocytes through suppression of the nuclear translocation of NF-κBp65 and hence exerted an anti-dermatitis effect. This strategy may provide new avenues and direction for the demanding issues of valid topical delivery systems.     

Space-Confined Atomic Clusters Catalyze Superassembly of Silicon Nanodots within Carbon Frameworks for Use in Lithium-Ion Batteries

Incorporating nanoscale Si into a carbon matrix with high dispersity is desirable for the preparation of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) but remains challenging. A space-confined catalytic strategy is proposed for direct superassembly of Si nanodots within a carbon (Si NDs⊂C) framework by copyrolysis of triphenyltin hydride (TPT) and diphenylsilane (DPS), where Sn atomic clusters created from TPT pyrolysis serve as the catalyst for DPS pyrolysis and Si catalytic growth. The use of Sn atomic cluster catalysts alters the reaction pathway to avoid SiC generation and enable formation of Si NDs with reduced dimensions. A typical Si NDs⊂C framework demonstrates a remarkable comprehensive performance comparable to other Si-based high-performance half LIBs, and higher energy densities compared to commercial full LIBs, as a consequence of the high dispersity of Si NDs with low lithiation stress. Supported by mechanic simulations, this study paves the way for construction of Si/C composites suitable for applications in future energy technologies.